This manor house has stood on this spot for two hundred years (и до сих пор стоит)
I have known him since we were in grade school.
She has always lived in Los Angeles.
We have lived in River City for five years.
We have shopped in Ralph’s grocery for years.
She has been away from home since she was seventeen.
How long has Vicky had this camera? ~ Since Thursday, I think.
How long have they been married? ~ Oh, for about three years.        

2. Действие произошло в прошлом, а результат его – в настоящем:

We have washed the dishes (результат: теперь они чистые)
They have learned the words (результат: теперь они знают эти слова)
Our son has read every one of Harry Potters books.
How much money have you saved?
He has collected every U.S. stamp issued before 1900 (результат: теперь у него есть все такие марки)
You have broken this watch (результат: теперь они не работают)

3. Подытожить ситуацию:

I’ve done bad things, I said, but I don’t think I could have done some of the things you’ve done.
You have been very good to me. Thank you.
Agatha has told me everything. How cleverly you have both kept your secret.

4. It / this / that is the first time / the second time, etc.

This is the first time we’ve been to Scotland, so it’s all new to us.

This is the second time Rachel has forgotten to give me a message.
I love this film. I think it’s the fourth time I’ve seen it.
+
После прилагательных в превосходной степени (часто с “ever”)
It is the best film I’ve ever seen.
Iceland is the most beautiful country I have ever visited.
This is the most expensive hotel we have ever stayed in.

Just – подчёркивает, что действие произошло только чтo:
Marvin has just lost his keys – Марвин только что потерял ключи (результат: теперь он без ключей)
I have just spoken to the manager about our problem.
We’ve just come back from our holiday.

Already – подчёркивает завершённость (иногда с оттенком «даже раньше, чем ожидалось»)
My brother has already crashed his new car.
It isn’t a very good party. Most people have already gone home.

Yet (‘уже’ – всегда в конце вопроса ИЛИ отрицательного предложения)
Have they announced the date yet? ~ No, they still haven’t made up their minds.
Has your German course started yet? – Твои курсы немецкого уже начались?

Gone to ИЛИ been to
Claire has gone to Australia (уехала в Австралию и всё ещё там)
Claire has been to Australia (была / бывала в Австралии)

Ever – когда-нибудь, когда-либо, never – в отрицаниях
Have you ever played cricket? ~ No, never.
I have never ridden a motorbike in my life.